Function run_structured_with_timeout 

pub async fn run_structured_with_timeout(
    config: &Config,
    probe_timeout: Duration,
) -> (Vec<DiagResult>, Option<String>)

Run Doctor with a per-phase timeout for the network-dependent probe phase.

Returns partial results if probe_models exceeds probe_timeout, along with a timed_out_phase label so callers can surface the incomplete state to the user. The synchronous diagnose and the Codex auth check always run to completion first, so the common config/workspace/daemon diagnostics are never lost to a slow provider catalog endpoint.